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UKPCS- UTTARAKHAND HISTORY
KRAANTI.IN Uttarakhand — A Historical Study Comprehensive Chapter Notes with MCQs, Rapid Revision Tables and a Prelims/Mains-oriented Fact Checklist Prepared by Prabhakar — UKPCS Preparation Table of Contents • 1. Source
Indian Medieval History
MEDIEVAL INDIAN HISTORY Political, Social and Cultural History of India, c. 600 – 1857 CE From the fall of the Guptas to the fall of the Mughals: kingdoms, sultans, saints, and emperors Table of Contents Table of Content
Ratio & Proportion — Essentials
# Ratio & Proportion - If a:b = c:d then ad = bc. - Compound ratio of a:b and c:d is ac:bd. - Mean proportion of a and b = √(ab). Divide ₹840 in ratio 3:4 → ₹360 and ₹480.
Algebra Basics
# Algebra Basics - (a+b)² = a² + 2ab + b² - (a-b)² = a² − 2ab + b² - a² − b² = (a-b)(a+b) If x + 1/x = k, then x² + 1/x² = k² − 2.
Geometry — Triangles & Circles
# Geometry Cheat-Sheet ## Triangles - Area = ½ × base × height - Pythagoras: a² + b² = c² - Equilateral area = (√3/4) × side² ## Circles - Area = πr², Circumference = 2πr
Coding-Decoding Complete Guide
# Coding-Decoding 1. Letter shifting (±n) 2. Number coding via letter positions 3. Substitution Memorise A=1 … Z=26. Example: LION = 12+9+15+14 = 50.
Seating Arrangement — Approach
# Seating Arrangement 1. Identify circular vs linear. 2. Fix direction (facing centre / outside). 3. Start from the most definite clue. 4. Eliminate impossible positions.
Puzzle & Analogy Practice
# Puzzles & Analogy - Analogy: find the relation (part-whole, cause-effect, synonym). - Puzzle: build a table — never keep it in your head. Doctor : Hospital :: Chef : ? → Kitchen.
Grammar Essentials
# Grammar Essentials ## Subject-verb agreement - Singular subject → singular verb - Each / Every / One of → singular verb ## Common errors - different from (not different than) - prefer X to Y (not prefer X than Y)
Reading Comprehension — Strategy
# Reading Comprehension 1. Skim the passage in 60 seconds. 2. Read questions before deep reading. 3. Underline nouns, dates, transitions. 4. Eliminate absolute-language options.
Indian Polity — Constitution Snapshot
# Indian Polity - Adopted 26 Nov 1949, effective 26 Jan 1950. - Fundamental Rights (Art 12-35). - DPSP (Art 36-51). - 86th Amendment added Art 21A (Right to Education).
Indian History — Milestones
# History Milestones - 1757 Plassey · 1857 First War · 1885 INC · 1919 Jallianwala · 1930 Dandi · 1947 Independence · 1950 Republic.
Geography — Rivers of India
# Rivers of India - Ganga — longest (~2,525 km) - Brahmaputra — origin Tibet - Godavari — longest peninsular river - Krishna, Kaveri, Narmada, Tapti are key peninsular rivers.
Economy — RBI & Banking
# RBI & Banking - Established 1 April 1935 under RBI Act 1934. - Headquarters: Mumbai. - Tools: repo, reverse-repo, CRR, SLR.
General Science — Quick Facts
# Science Quick Facts - Au = Gold, Ag = Silver, Fe = Iron, Cu = Copper - Speed of light ≈ 3×10⁸ m/s - pH < 7 acidic, > 7 basic, = 7 neutral - Newton's 2nd Law: F = ma
Vocabulary Booster — Top Words
# Vocabulary — High-Frequency Words 1. Abundant — plentiful 2. Benevolent — kind 3. Candid — frank 4. Diligent — hardworking 5. Ephemeral — short-lived 6. Frugal — thrifty
Percentage — Formulas & Shortcuts
# Percentage — Quick Reference ## Core formulas - Percentage change = ((New − Old) / Old) × 100 - Successive % change: a + b + (ab/100) - x% of y = y% of x ## Common conversions - 1/2 = 50%, 1/4 = 25%, 1/5 = 20%, 1/8 = 1
Indian Polity — Quick Revision
# Indian Polity — Quick Revision ## Key Articles - **Article 14**: Equality before law - **Article 19**: Six freedoms - **Article 21**: Right to life and personal liberty - **Article 32**: Right to constitutional remedie